المواءمة

ما يجب فحصه قبل نشر موقع مواءم

حتى لا يبدو العنوان طلاسما غير مفهومة، فإن المقصد هو Website Accessibility Checklist

حسنا ما نريد التركيز عليه هو المعايير الخاصة ب WCAG 2.0

وكما تحدثنا مسبقا هنالك 3 مستويات من هذا المعيار

  • Level A: جعل الموقع مواءم لبعض المستخدمين.
  • Level AA: جعل الموقع مواءم تقريبا لكل المستخدمين .
  • Level AAA: جعل الموقع مواءم لكل المستخدمين .

ما يجب فحصه للمستوى Level A

GuidelineAction Items
Non-text contentAdd alt text to images. Add alt text to audio and video. Add names to controls, like “Submit.”
Audio-only and video-onlyWrite transcripts for audio- and video-only content. Link or place transcripts near audio or video content. Record audio tracks for video-only media.
CaptionsAdd captions to all videos with sound.
Audio description or media alternativeWrite video transcripts. Provide audio descriptions of video.
Information and relationshipsUse valid and proper HTML. Apply clear labels to forms. Divide content with subheadings.
Meaningful sequenceSeparate navigation menus from content. Use valid HTML. Use headings and lists. Arrange paragraphs in order.
Sensory characteristicsProvide more than one sense, like sight and sound, for instructions.
Color usageAvoid color references in text, like instructing users to click a green button.
Audio controlAllow users to choose when to play audio, versus playing it automatically.
KeyboardRemove any function that uses timed keystrokes, like a double tap.
No keyboard tapEnable navigation control with arrow or “Tab” key. Eliminate any instances where users cannot navigate or access your site without a keyboard.
Timing adjustableLet users turn off, adjust, or extend any time limits except for real-time events, like an auction. Allow users to pause moving or animated text. Allow users to delay update frequency.
Pause, stop, hideProvide all moving, blinking, scrolling, or auto-updating content with user controls.
Three flashes or belowRemove any content that flashes more than three times per second.
Bypass blocksAdd a “Skip to Content” link to all site pages. Make the “Skip to Content” link visible and accessible.
Page titledWrite unique and descriptive titles for each page on your site.
Focus orderEnsure site functionality with the “Tab” key. Make the order of elements, like pages on your navigation, logical.
Link purpose in contentCreate easy-to-understand anchor text that aligns with the surrounding text.
Page languageUse HTML to use the appropriate language code for pages.
On focusEliminate responses that happen automatically, like pop-ups, form submissions, and link openings. Require a user action, like a mouse click to open a link, for responses to happen.
On inputRemove any auto-submit form fields. Eliminate any instances that remove a user’s control when interacting with an element.
Error identificationProvider users with explanations for errors and instructions on how to fix those errors. Place error explanations near the error, like a required, but blank form field.
Labels or instructionsLabel all input fields. Describe the preferred format for input fields, like for a phone number or date. Provide helpful instructions for completing input fields.
ParsingFollow proper HTML structure and guidelines. Fix any HTML elements with duplicate attributes.
Name, role, valueEnsure site uses valid HTML markup. Follow HTML specifications for website scripts.

ما يجب فحصه للمستوى Level AA

GuidelineWhat You Need To Do
Captions for live videosCaption live videos via software or professional services.
Audio descriptionAdd audio description soundtracks to any video content. Provide a link to the soundtrack close to the content.
ContrastUse a light background and dark text or vice versa.
Resize textPrevent resized text from requiring users to scroll horizontally. Enable resizing of text by up to 200%.
Text imagesEliminate any images that use images of text to convey content. Use CSS to stylize text, like for pull quotes.
Finding pagesAdd an HTML sitemap. Enable site search. Create a logical navigation menu. Make your navigation menu consistent across your site.
Headings and labelsMake headings and subheadings straightforward and descriptive. Label site elements, like tables or forms.
Focus visibleUse CSS to add borders or underlines to elements when selected by a user’s keyboard. Enable keyboard focus visibility on all site elements, like menus, form fields, and links.
Language of partsAdd a language attribute to pages with content that isn’t in your default language.
Consistent navigationAdopt a universal location for your navigation menu and order of items in the navigation menu.
Consistent identificationLabel and name elements with the same function consistently. Use identical alt text for elements with the same function.
Error suggestionEnable elements, like forms, to identify input errors. Communicate errors to users with text suggestions.
Error preventionMake changes to user-controlled data reversible, like canceling an order. Allow users to correct errors. Create a confirmation page that details the user’s input and the website’s outcome.

ما يجب فحصه للمستوى Level AAA

GuidelineAction Items
Sign languageUpload alternative video versions with sign language. Place alternative versions near original video.
Extended audio descriptionCreate extended audio description soundtracks with enough pauses for users to listen and understand. Place soundtracks near the original video.
Media alternativeWrite a full-text transcript. Position the transcript near the video content.
Live audio-onlyUse closed captions. Provide the script text.
ContrastUse a dark background and light text or vice versa.
Low or zero background audioEliminate background noise from audio. Maintain a background noise 20 decibels below foreground noise.
Visual presentationUse tools that allow users to customize background and foreground colors, text spacing, and text size.
No timingAllow time limits for real-time events only, like auctions or live streams.
InterruptionsRemove redirects that happen after a specific amount of time. Eliminate pop-ups.
Re-authenticatingSave users data, like items in their shopping cart, when re-authenticating their identity.
LocationUse breadcrumb navigation. Add a sitemap.
Section headingsAdd relevant headings to content.
Unusual wordsAvoid idioms and jargon. Explain words in-text or with a link to a relevant page.
AbbreviationsEliminate abbreviations or explain abbreviations in content.
Reading levelUse a readability testing tool, like Readable. Create images or diagrams to explain content.
PronunciationLink to pronunciation guides for words or write the phonetic pronunciation.

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